AI & ML

Web Development

HTTP & Scraping

Database & Storage

Data & Science

Developer Tools

DevOps

CLI & GUI

Text & Documents

Media

Python Language

Python Toolchain

Security

Other

AI & ML

Libraries for building AI applications, LLM integrations, and autonomous agents.

• Agent Skills
  • django-ai-plugins - Django backend agent skills for Django, DRF, Celery, and Django-specific code review.
  • sentry-skills - Python-focused engineering skills for code review, debugging, and backend workflows.
  • trailofbits-skills - Python-friendly security skills for auditing, testing, and safer backend development.
• Orchestration
  • langchain - Building applications with LLMs through composability.
  • langgraph - Low-level orchestration framework for building stateful, long-running LLM agents.
  • crewai - A framework for orchestrating role-playing autonomous AI agents for collaborative task solving.
  • pydantic-ai - A Python agent framework for building generative AI applications with structured schemas.
• Vendor Agent SDKs
  • openai-agents - OpenAI's framework for building and managing AI agents.
  • claude-agent-sdk - Anthropic's Python SDK for building AI agents on Claude Code's harness — custom tools, in-process MCP servers, hooks.
• Personal Assistants
  • hermes-agent - An adaptive personal AI assistant that grows with you.
• Prompt Optimization
  • dspy - A framework for programming, not prompting, language models.
• Data Layer
  • instructor - A library for extracting structured data from LLMs, powered by Pydantic.
  • llama-index - A data framework for your LLM application.
  • mem0 - An intelligent memory layer for AI agents enabling personalized interactions.
• Pre-trained Models
  • transformers - A framework that lets you easily use pre-trained transformer models for NLP, vision, and audio tasks.
• LLM Inference and Serving
  • sglang - A high-performance serving framework for large language models and multimodal models.
  • vllm - A high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs.
  • mlx-lm - Run and fine-tune large language models on Apple Silicon with MLX.
• LLM Gateways
  • LiteLLM - Call 100+ LLMs using OpenAI format.
• Image and Video Generation
  • diffusers - A library that provides pre-trained diffusion models for generating and editing images, audio, and video.
• Fine-tuning
  • unsloth - A library for faster LLM fine-tuning and training with reduced memory usage.
• Speech
  • openai-whisper - A general-purpose automatic speech recognition model trained on 680k hours of multilingual and multitask supervised data.
  • funasr - Industrial-grade speech recognition toolkit with 170x realtime speed, 50+ languages, speaker diarization, and emotion detection.
  • vibevoice - A family of open-source voice AI models from Microsoft for text-to-speech and long-form speech recognition.
  • gTTS - Python library and CLI tool for converting text to speech using Google Translate TTS.
  • kittentts - Lightweight ONNX text-to-speech library with small CPU-friendly models.

Frameworks for Neural Networks and Deep Learning. Also see awesome-deep-learning.

• Frameworks
  • pytorch - Tensors and Dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.
  • tensorflow - The most popular Deep Learning framework created by Google.
  • keras - A high-level deep learning library with support for JAX, TensorFlow, and PyTorch backends.
  • jax - A library for high-performance numerical computing with automatic differentiation and JIT compilation.
  • pytorch-lightning - Deep learning framework to train, deploy, and ship AI products Lightning fast.
• Reinforcement Learning
  • gymnasium - A standard API for reinforcement learning environments with popular reference environments (gym successor).
  • stable-baselines3 - PyTorch implementations of Stable Baselines (deep) reinforcement learning algorithms.

Libraries for Machine Learning. Also see awesome-machine-learning.

• General
  • scikit-learn - The most popular Python library for Machine Learning with extensive documentation and community support.
  • pgmpy - A Python library for probabilistic graphical models and Bayesian networks.
  • feature-engine - sklearn compatible API with the widest toolset for feature engineering and selection.
• Gradient Boosting
  • xgboost - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.
  • lightgbm - A fast, distributed, high performance gradient boosting framework.
  • catboost - A fast, scalable, high performance gradient boosting on decision trees library.
• Time Series Forecasting
  • timesfm - A pretrained foundation model from Google Research for time-series forecasting.

Libraries for working with human languages.

• General
  • nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.
  • spacy - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.
  • gensim - Topic Modeling for Humans.
  • stanza - The Stanford NLP Group's official Python library, supporting 60+ languages.
• Chinese
  • jieba - The most popular Chinese text segmentation library.
  • pypinyin - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).
  • pangu.py - Paranoid text spacing.

Libraries for Computer Vision.

• General
  • opencv-python - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
  • ultralytics - Ultralytics YOLO for object detection, segmentation, pose estimation, and classification with state-of-the-art accuracy and speed.
  • kornia - Open Source Differentiable Computer Vision Library for PyTorch.
  • fiftyone - The open-source tool for building high-quality datasets and computer vision models.
• OCR
  • pytesseract - A wrapper for Google Tesseract OCR.
  • easyocr - Ready-to-use OCR with 40+ languages supported.

Libraries for building recommender systems.

Web Development

Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see Web APIs.

• Synchronous
  • flask - A microframework for Python.
    • awesome-flask
  • django - The most popular web framework in Python.
    • awesome-django
  • bottle - A fast and simple micro-framework distributed as a single file with no dependencies.
  • pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.
    • awesome-pyramid
  • fasthtml - The fastest way to create an HTML app.
    • awesome-fasthtml
• Asynchronous
  • starlette - A lightweight ASGI framework and toolkit for building high-performance async services.
  • tornado - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.
  • litestar - Production-ready, capable and extensible ASGI Web framework.
  • reflex - A framework for building reactive, full-stack web applications entirely with Python.

Libraries for building RESTful, GraphQL, and RPC APIs.

• Django
  • django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.
  • django-ninja - Fast, Django REST framework based on type hints and Pydantic.
  • strawberry-django - Strawberry GraphQL integration with Django.
  • django-modern-rest - Modern REST with speed, types, async, msgspec, pydantic and other goodies!
• Flask
  • apiflask - A lightweight Python web API framework based on Flask and Marshmallow.
• Framework Agnostic
  • fastapi - A modern, fast, web framework for building APIs with standard Python type hints.
  • connexion - A spec-first framework that automatically handles requests based on your OpenAPI specification.
  • strawberry - A GraphQL library that leverages Python type annotations for schema definition.
• RPC
  • grpcio - HTTP/2-based RPC framework with Python bindings, built by Google.

ASGI and WSGI compatible web servers.

• ASGI
  • uvicorn - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation, using uvloop and httptools.
  • granian - A Rust HTTP server for Python applications built on top of Hyper and Tokio, supporting WSGI/ASGI/RSGI.
  • hypercorn - An ASGI and WSGI Server based on Hyper libraries and inspired by Gunicorn.
• WSGI
  • gunicorn - Pre-forked, ported from Ruby's Unicorn project.
  • waitress - Multi-threaded, powers Pyramid.

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

Libraries and tools for templating and lexing.

Tools for managing, storing, compressing and minifying website assets.

Libraries for implementing authentication schemes.

• OAuth
  • oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
  • authlib - A comprehensive library for building OAuth, OpenID Connect, and JWT/JWS/JWE/JWK/JWA.
  • django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."
  • django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth 2 goodies for Django.
• JWT
  • pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.
• Permissions
  • django-guardian - Implementation of per-object permissions for Django.
  • django-rules - A tiny but powerful app providing object-level permissions to Django, without requiring a database.

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

Content Management Systems.

Enterprise resource planning frameworks.

Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output.

HTTP & Scraping

Libraries for working with HTTP.

• Clients
  • requests - HTTP Requests for Humans.
  • httpx - A next generation HTTP client for Python.
  • aiohttp - Asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python.
  • urllib3 - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.
• URL Manipulation
  • yarl - Yet another URL library.
  • httpx.URL - The immutable URL class bundled with HTTPX.

Libraries to automate web scraping and extract web content.

• Frameworks
  • browser-use - Make websites accessible for AI agents with easy browser automation.
  • scrapy - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.
  • crawl4ai - An open-source, LLM-friendly web crawler that provides lightning-fast, structured data extraction specifically designed for AI agents.
• Content Extraction
  • feedparser - Universal feed parser.
  • html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.
  • trafilatura - A tool for gathering text and metadata from the web, with built-in content filtering.

Libraries for sending and parsing email, and mail server management.

Database & Storage

Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.

• Relational Databases
  • sqlalchemy - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.
    • awesome-sqlalchemy
  • django.db.models - The Django ORM.
  • peewee - A small, expressive ORM.
  • sqlmodel - SQLModel is based on Python type annotations, and powered by Pydantic and SQLAlchemy.
• NoSQL Databases
  • pynamodb - A Pythonic interface for Amazon DynamoDB.
  • mongoengine - A Python Object-Document-Mapper for working with MongoDB.
  • beanie - An asynchronous Python object-document mapper (ODM) for MongoDB.

Libraries for connecting and operating databases.

• MySQL - awesome-mysql
  • pymysql - A pure Python MySQL driver compatible to mysql-python.
  • mysqlclient - MySQL connector with Python 3 support (mysql-python fork).
• PostgreSQL - awesome-postgres
  • psycopg - The most popular PostgreSQL adapter for Python.
  • asyncpg - A fast PostgreSQL Database Client Library for Python/asyncio.
• SQLite - awesome-sqlite
  • sqlite3 - (Python standard library) SQLite interface compliant with DB-API 2.0.
  • sqlite-utils - Python CLI utility and library for manipulating SQLite databases.
• ClickHouse
  • clickhouse-connect - The official ClickHouse client, with SQLAlchemy and Superset connectors.
  • clickhouse-driver - Python driver with native interface for ClickHouse.
• Other Relational Databases
  • pyodbc - An ODBC bridge for connecting to SQL Server and any other ODBC-accessible database.
  • oracledb - The official Python driver for Oracle Database, successor to cx_Oracle.
  • mssql-python - Official Microsoft driver for SQL Server and Azure SQL, built on ODBC for high performance and low memory usage.
• NoSQL Databases
  • redis - The Python client for Redis.
  • pymongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.
  • cassandra-driver - The Python Driver for Apache Cassandra.
  • django-mongodb-backend - Official MongoDB database backend for Django.

In-process databases usable directly from Python.

• Analytical
  • duckdb - An in-process SQL OLAP database management system; optimized for analytics and fast queries, similar to SQLite but for analytical workloads.
  • chdb - In-process OLAP SQL engine with the full ClickHouse dialect, zero-copy pandas/Arrow interop, and federation to remote ClickHouse clusters via remoteSecure().
• Vector
  • chromadb - An open-source embedding database for building AI applications with embeddings and semantic search.
  • lancedb - A developer-friendly embedded retrieval database for multimodal AI.
  • zvec - An embedded vector database for on-device RAG and edge AI, the SQLite of vector databases.
• Key-Value & Document
  • tinydb - A tiny, document-oriented database.

Libraries for caching data.

Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.

Libraries for serializing complex data types.

Data & Science

Libraries for data analysis.

Libraries for data extraction, transformation, and loading pipelines across multiple sources and destinations.

• General
  • awswrangler - Pandas integration with AWS services like Athena, Glue, Redshift, S3, and DynamoDB.
  • dlt - A Python library for building data pipelines with automatic schema inference, incremental loading, and support for multiple sources and destinations.
  • pathway - Python ETL framework for stream processing, real-time analytics, LLM pipelines, and RAG.
• Financial Data
  • yfinance - Easy Pythonic way to download market and financial data from Yahoo Finance.
  • akshare - A financial data interface library, built for human beings!
  • edgartools - Library for downloading structured data from SEC EDGAR filings and XBRL financial statements.
  • openbb - A financial data platform for analysts, quants and AI agents.

Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases.

Libraries for visualizing data. Also see awesome-javascript.

• Plotting
  • matplotlib - A Python 2D plotting library.
  • plotly - Interactive graphing library for Python.
  • seaborn - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.
  • altair - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.
  • bokeh - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.
• Specialized
  • cartopy - A cartographic python library with matplotlib support.
  • pygraphviz - Python interface to Graphviz.
  • graphify - Turn any folder of code, SQL schemas, docs, papers, images, or videos into a queryable knowledge graph.
• Dashboards and Apps
  • streamlit - A framework which lets you build dashboards, generate reports, or create chat apps in minutes.
  • gradio - Build and share machine learning apps, all in Python.

Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.

Libraries for scientific computing. Also see Python-for-Scientists.

• Core
  • numpy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
  • scipy - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.
  • numba - Python JIT compiler to LLVM aimed at scientific Python.
• Symbolic Mathematics
  • sympy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
• Statistics
  • statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.
• Biology and Chemistry
  • biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.
  • rdkit - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.
• Physics and Engineering
  • astropy - A community Python library for Astronomy.
  • obspy - A Python toolbox for seismology.
• Simulation and Modeling
  • pymc - Probabilistic programming and Bayesian modeling in Python.
  • simpy - A process-based discrete-event simulation framework.
  • mesa - An agent-based modeling framework for building, analyzing, and visualizing complex system simulations.
• Graphs and Networks
  • networkx - A high-productivity software for complex networks.
• Computational Geometry
  • shapely - Manipulation and analysis of geometric objects in the Cartesian plane.
• Other
  • colour-science - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.
  • manim - An animation engine for explanatory math videos.

Libraries for quantum computing.

Developer Tools

Python implementation of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see awesome-algorithms.

• Algorithms
  • sortedcontainers - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.
  • algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.
  • thealgorithms - All Algorithms implemented in Python.
• Design Patterns
  • transitions - A lightweight, object-oriented finite state machine implementation.
  • python-patterns - A collection of design patterns in Python.

Interactive Python interpreters (REPL).

• awesome-jupyter

Tools of static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis.

• Code Analysis
  • vulture - A tool for finding and analyzing dead Python code.
  • prospector - A tool to analyze Python code.
  • repowise - Codebase intelligence that indexes repos into dependency graphs, git history, and auto-generated docs with dead code detection.
• Git Hooks
  • pre-commit - A framework for managing and maintaining multi-language pre-commit hooks.
• Linters and Formatters
  • ruff - An extremely fast Python linter and code formatter.
  • black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.
  • isort - A Python utility / library to sort imports.
  • pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.
  • flake8 - A wrapper around pycodestyle, pyflakes and McCabe.
    • awesome-flake8-extensions
  • bandit - A tool designed to find common security issues in Python code.
• Refactoring
  • rope - Rope is a python refactoring library.
• Type Checkers - awesome-python-typing
  • mypy - Check variable types during compile time.
  • ty - An extremely fast Python type checker and language server.
  • pyright - Full-featured static type checker for Python from Microsoft, the engine behind Pylance.
  • pyrefly - A fast type checker and language server for Python.
• Type Annotations Generators
  • monkeytype - A system for Python that generates static type annotations by collecting runtime types.

Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data. Also see awesome-python-testing.

• Frameworks
  • pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.
    • awesome-pytest
  • hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.
  • robotframework - A generic test automation framework.
• Test Runners
  • tox - Auto builds and tests distributions in multiple Python versions
  • nox - Flexible test automation for Python.
• Browser Automation
  • playwright-python - Python version of the Playwright testing and automation library.
  • selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.
  • seleniumbase - Python framework for web automation & testing, with stealth options.
• Load Testing
  • locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
• API Testing
  • schemathesis - A tool for automatic property-based testing of web applications built with Open API / Swagger specifications.
• Mock
  • mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
  • responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.
  • freezegun - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.
  • vcrpy - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.
  • respx - Mock HTTPX with awesome request patterns and response side effects.
• Object Factories
  • factory_boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.
  • polyfactory - mock data generation library with support to classes (continuation of pydantic-factories)
• Code Coverage
  • coverage - Code coverage measurement.
• Fake Data
  • faker - A Python package that generates fake data.
  • mimesis - is a Python library that help you generate fake data.

Libraries for debugging code.

• pdb-like Debugger
  • ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.
  • pudb - A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.
• Tracing
  • hunter - A flexible code tracing toolkit.
• Profiler
  • py-spy - A sampling profiler for Python programs. Written in Rust.
  • memray - A memory profiler that tracks allocations in Python code, native extensions, and the interpreter itself.
  • pyinstrument - A statistical wall-clock profiler with low overhead and readable call-tree output.
  • scalene - A high-performance, high-precision CPU, GPU, and memory profiler for Python.
• Others
  • django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.
  • icecream - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.
  • flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.

Compile software from source code. If you're looking for Python packaging/build tools, see Package Management.

Libraries for generating project documentation.

• awesome-sphinxdoc

DevOps

Software and libraries for DevOps.

• Cloud Providers
  • boto3 - Python interface to Amazon Web Services.
  • awscli - Universal Command Line Interface for Amazon Web Services.
  • azure-sdk-for-python - Microsoft Azure SDK for Python, published as per-service packages.
  • google-cloud-python - Google Cloud client libraries for Python, published as per-service packages.
• Configuration Management
  • ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.
  • cloud-init - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.
  • pyinfra - A versatile CLI tools and python libraries to automate infrastructure.
  • salt - Infrastructure automation and management system.
• Deployment
  • fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.
  • chalice - A Python serverless microframework for AWS.
• Monitoring and Processes
  • psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.
  • sentry-sdk - Sentry SDK for Python.
  • supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
  • flower - A real-time monitor and web admin for Celery task queues.
  • sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.
• Other
  • borgbackup - A deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption.
  • chaostoolkit - A Chaos Engineering toolkit & Orchestration for Developers.

Frameworks and libraries for Distributed Computing.

Libraries for working with task queues.

Libraries for working with message brokers and event streaming.

Libraries for scheduling jobs.

• Task Scheduling
  • apscheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.
  • schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.
• Workflow Orchestration
  • apache-airflow - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.
  • prefect - A modern workflow orchestration framework that makes it easy to build, schedule and monitor robust data pipelines.
  • dagster - An orchestration platform for the development, production, and observation of data assets.

Libraries for generating and working with logs.

Tools and libraries for Virtual Networking and SDN (Software Defined Networking).

CLI & GUI

Libraries for building command-line applications.

• CLI Development
  • argparse - (Python standard library) Command-line option and argument parsing.
  • click - A package for creating beautiful command line interfaces in a composable way.
  • typer - Modern CLI framework that uses Python type hints. Built on Click and Pydantic.
  • prompt_toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.
  • fire - A library for creating command line interfaces from absolutely any Python object.
• Terminal Rendering
  • tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.
  • rich - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a great RichHandler log handler.
  • colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.
  • alive-progress - A new kind of Progress Bar, with real-time throughput, eta and very cool animations.
• TUI Frameworks
  • textual - A framework for building interactive user interfaces that run in the terminal and the browser.
  • urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.
  • asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).

Useful CLI-based tools.

• Database CLIs
  • pgcli - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  • mycli - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  • litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
  • iredis - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
• Downloaders
  • yt-dlp - A command-line program to download videos from YouTube and other video sites, a fork of youtube-dl.
• HTTP Clients
  • httpie - A command line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.
• Project Scaffolding
  • cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).
  • copier - A library and command-line utility for rendering projects templates.
• Shells
  • xonsh - A Python-powered shell. Full-featured and cross-platform.
• Terminal Workflow
  • tmuxp - A tmux session manager.

Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.

• Desktop
  • pygobject - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3).
  • wxPython - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.
  • kivy - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.
  • dearpygui - A Simple GPU accelerated Python GUI framework
  • toga - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.
• Qt
  • PySide6 - Qt for Python offers the official Python bindings for Qt, same as PyQt6 but it's the official binding with different licensing.
  • PyQt6 - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.
• Tkinter
  • tkinter - (Python standard library) The standard Python interface to the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit.
  • customtkinter - A modern and customizable python UI-library based on Tkinter.
  • tkdesigner - Generates Tkinter interfaces from Figma designs using the Figma API.
• Web-based
  • pywebview - A lightweight cross-platform native wrapper around a webview component.
  • nicegui - An easy-to-use, Python-based UI framework, which shows up in your web browser.
  • flet - Cross-platform GUI framework for building modern apps in pure Python.
• Wrappers
  • gooey - Turn command line programs into a full GUI application with one line.

Text & Documents

Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts.

• Encoding and Unicode
  • charset-normalizer - Universal character encoding detector, the default of the requests ecosystem.
  • chardet - Python character encoding detector.
  • ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.
• Fuzzy Matching
  • rapidfuzz - Rapid fuzzy string matching using various string metrics, with a C++ core.
• General
  • difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
  • pyfiglet - An implementation of figlet written in Python.
• Internationalization
  • babel - An internationalization library for Python.
• Parser
  • pygments - A generic syntax highlighter.
  • pyparsing - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.
  • sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.
  • phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.
  • parsy - Easy, generic parser combinator library for creating parsers.
• Transliteration and Slugs
  • python-slugify - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.
  • unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.
• Unique identifiers
  • shortuuid - A generator library for concise, unambiguous and URL-safe UUIDs.
  • sqids - A library for generating short unique IDs from numbers.

Libraries for working with HTML and XML.

Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats.

• General
  • pyelftools - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.
  • tablib - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
• File Conversion
  • markitdown - Python tool for converting files and office documents to Markdown.
  • docling - Library for converting documents into structured data.
• Excel
  • openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
  • xlsxwriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.
• Word
  • python-docx - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.
• PowerPoint
  • python-pptx - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.
• PDF
  • pypdf - A library capable of splitting, merging, cropping, and transforming PDF pages.
  • reportlab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.
  • pdfminer.six - Pdfminer.six is a community maintained fork of the original PDFMiner.
• HTML-to-PDF
  • weasyprint - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.
• Markdown
  • markdown-it-py - Markdown parser with 100% CommonMark support, extensions, and syntax plugins.
  • markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.
  • mistune - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.
• Data Formats
  • tomllib - (Python standard library) Parse TOML files.
  • pyyaml - YAML implementations for Python.

Libraries for file manipulation.

Media

Libraries for manipulating images.

• Barcodes and QR Codes
  • qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.
  • python-barcode - Create barcodes in Python with no extra dependencies.
• General
  • pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.
  • scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.
  • rembg - A tool to remove image backgrounds.
  • wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.
  • pyvips - A fast image processing library with low memory needs.
• Image Serving
  • thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.

Libraries for manipulating audio, video, and their metadata.

• Audio
  • pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.
  • librosa - Python library for audio and music analysis.
• Video
  • moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.
  • vidgear - Most Powerful multi-threaded Video Processing framework.
• Metadata
  • mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.
  • tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.
  • beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.

Awesome game development libraries.

• 3D Engines
  • panda3d - 3D game engine developed by Disney.
• Game Frameworks
  • pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.
  • pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.
  • pygame-ce - An actively developed drop-in replacement with new features and performance improvements (pygame fork).
  • arcade - Arcade is a modern Python framework for crafting games with compelling graphics and sound.
• Visual Novels
  • renpy - A Visual Novel engine.

Python Language

Implementations of Python.

Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.

Functional Programming with Python.

Libraries for asynchronous, concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio.

• Async I/O
  • asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
    • awesome-asyncio
  • anyio - A high-level async concurrency and networking framework that works on top of asyncio or trio.
  • uvloop - Ultra fast asyncio event loop.
  • trio - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.
  • gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.
  • Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
• Parallelism
  • concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.
  • multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.

Libraries for working with dates and times.

Python Toolchain

Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management.

Libraries for package and dependency management.

• Package Managers
  • pip - The package installer for Python.
  • uv - An extremely fast Python version, package and project manager, written in Rust.
  • poetry - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.
  • hatch - Modern, extensible Python project manager for environments, builds, and publishing.
  • pipx - Install and Run Python Applications in Isolated Environments. Like npx in Node.js.
  • conda - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.
• Build Backends
  • setuptools - The historical and still most widely used pyproject build backend.
  • hatchling - Modern, extensible build backend from the hatch project.
  • uv-build - uv's fast, minimal build backend for pure-Python projects.

Local PyPI repository server and proxies.

Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution.

• Executables
  • pyinstaller - Converts Python programs into stand-alone executables (cross-platform).
  • Nuitka - Compiles Python programs into high-performance standalone executables (cross-platform, supports all Python versions).
  • shiv - A command line utility for building fully self-contained zipapps (PEP 441), but with all their dependencies included.
  • cx-Freeze - It is a Python tool that converts Python scripts into standalone executables and installers for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
• Obfuscation
  • pyarmor - A tool used to obfuscate python scripts, bind obfuscated scripts to fixed machine or expire obfuscated scripts.

Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.

Security

Libraries for cryptographic primitives and secure protocols.

Frameworks and tools for penetration testing.

Tools for auditing dependencies against known vulnerabilities.

Libraries for application-layer web security.

Other

Libraries for programming with hardware.

Python programming on Microsoft Windows.

Useful libraries or tools that don't fit in the categories above.

Where to discover learning resources or new Python libraries.